October 5, 2024

Roman Lives by Plutarch

Roman LivesRoman Lives
By Plutarch
Rating: 6 of 10

If you’re a history buff you will love this book.  If you’re not, well, probably not.  I picked up this audio book after reading Robert Harris’ novels about Cicero, Imperium and Conspirata.  Harris made me curious to know how much of what he wrote about Cicero was historical and how much was fiction.  I was surprised to find that the general thrust of Harris’ portrayal of Cicero was quite historical.  Plutarch may have even been a source for Harris’ writing.  Plutarch is a late first century and early second century historian.  Roman Lives focuses on the lives of Coriolanus (I skipped over), Pompey, Caesar, Cicero, Brutus, and Mark Antony.

While I did not go into this book looking for historical background for the New Testament, I found that Plutarch has helped expand my imagination for the broader culture of the region within which sits the authors and characters of the New Testament.  For example the Biblical book of Revelation speaks in symbolic images about the threat that the Roman Empire (or any empire) poses to following Jesus faithfully.  Roman Lives fleshed out that threat by giving me a better perspective on just how much war, violence, and general immorality were caused by figures like Pompey, Caesar, Brutus, and Mark Antony warring their ego’s against one another on the battlefields of the Mediterranean.  Interestingly enough, Cicero seems to be a fairly moral leader amidst these others, and Harris portrays him as such in his historical novels.

The comparison between the Roman Empire and The United States has been made several times, but after reading Roman Lives I am struck by the parallels between the time of the dissolution of the Roman Republic and our own current political situation.  We are living in frighteningly similar times.  This should, I think, cause we Americans to have a bit of humility when it comes to our engagement with both the rest of the world and our potential historical legacy.  In its day, who would have thought that the Roman Empire would cease to exist?  And in our day, who can imagine The United States ceasing to exist?  This humbling reality drives me to seek my primary identity and citizenship in another kingdom, the kingdom of heaven.

Currently Reading/Listening
The Busy Family’s Guide to Spirituality
by David Robinson
Parenting with Purpose
by Oddbjorn Evenshaug, Dag Hallen, and Roland Martinson
At the Still Point
compiled by Sarah Arthur
Sticky Teams
by Larry Osborn
Fascinate
by Sally Hogshead
Direct Hit: Aiming Real Leaders at the Mission Field
by Paul Borden
Shaped By God’s Heart: The Passion and Practices of Missional Churches
by Milfred Minatrea

Revelation – An Invitation to God’s Imagination: Worship and the Future

Revelation

Revelation – An Invitation to God’s Imagination: Worship and the Future
Sycamore
Creek Church
October 30, 2011
Revelation 19:1-8
Tom Arthur

Peace, Friends!

Today we wrap up a series on the book of Revelation.  I’d like to begin with a reading.

Revelation 19:1-8, NLT
After this, I heard the sound of a vast crowd in heaven shouting, “Hallelujah! Salvation is from our God. Glory and power belong to him alone. His judgments are just and true. He has punished the great prostitute who corrupted the earth with her immorality, and he has avenged the murder of his servants.” Again and again their voices rang, “Hallelujah! The smoke from that city ascends forever and forever!”

Then the twenty-four elders and the four living beings fell down and worshiped God, who was sitting on the throne. They cried out, “Amen! Hallelujah!”

And from the throne came a voice that said, “Praise our God, all his servants, from the least to the greatest, all who fear him.”

Then I heard again what sounded like the shout of a huge crowd, or the roar of mighty ocean waves, or the crash of loud thunder: “Hallelujah! For the Lord our God, the Almighty, reigns. Let us be glad and rejoice and honor him. For the time has come for the wedding feast of the Lamb, and his bride has prepared herself. She is permitted to wear the finest white linen.” (Fine linen represents the good deeds done by the people of God.)

The book of Revelation is an invitation to come up to the throne room of heaven and see the world through God’s imagination.  How do things look from way up there?  And we found that there is one big question that comes into focus when you look at the world through God’s imagination: who or what do you worship?  Today we look at the question of worship and the future.  How does the way the future plays out affect our worship?

I grew up in a church that liked to focus a lot on the question of the future and end times.  It was of vital importance to my church that we all understood what exactly would happen in the future.  To this end, my mom took us to see an end times movie.  I was probably in upper elementary school at the time.  I don’t remember the name of the movie or much about the details.  What I do remember was being totally freaked out when I left.  Doom and gloom were ahead.  That’s all I really caught.

I think that the modern day Left Behind series plays a similar role for us today.  You watch these movies or read these books and get your life scared right.  There’s a scene in Left Behind where chaos ensues after all the Christians and children are raptured and others are left behind:

I watch a scene like this, and I still get a bit scared and emotional.  These kind of images work their magic.  One of the members of our church recently received an invitation in the mail to a Revelation teaching series.  The front cover of the pamphlet has some rather harrowing images.

Prophetic Revelations

These kind of images about the future do grab the attention of many.  A recent Public Religion Research Institute/Religion News Service poll as quoted in Outreach Magazine (July/August 2011) found that: “44% of American adults who said in March 2011 that they mostly agree or completely agree with the statement ‘The severity of recent natural disasters is evidence that we are in what the Bible calls the end times.’”

Then you’ve got the whole media firestorm around Harold Camping who predicted that the world would end on May 21st then realized he had made an interpretation error and adjusted his date to October 21st.  I was on vacation on October 21st, and Mark was preaching that weekend.  On October 22nd I texted Mark and Jeremy, our worship leader, saying, “I hope you weren’t raptured because that would be very inconvenient, least of which has to do with this Sunday.”  Mark texted back rather quickly, but Jeremy let me worry a little bit before texting back.

So are we living in the end times?  I gave you my answer to that on the first Sunday.  Yes, we are, because any one of us could die today.  Nickleback’s song If Today Was Your Last Day which says, “If today was your last day, and tomorrow was too late, Could you say goodbye to yesterday?”, is a good reminder for each of us.

But let’s look a little closer at this question of the future and see what direction God gives us in the book of Revelation.  One big question that has grabbed the imagination of Christians since the early church is the millennium.  “Millennium” simply means a thousand year period.  The question comes up because we read in Revelation 20:2, “He [the angel] seized the dragon, that old serpent, the Devil, Satan, and bound him in chains for a 1000 years (NLT).

What exactly is this thousand year period and when will it take place?  This thousand year period has been interpreted in several different ways by Christians using lots of big words.

First, some Christians hold to amillennialism.  “A” means not so “amillennialism” means literally “no millennium.”  Thus, the thousand year period is a symbolic (not literal) 1000 years of Christ’s reign on earth until he comes back.

Other Christians hold to a postmillennialism.  “Post” means after so postmillennialism says that God’s Spirit inaugurates a 1000 year spread of the gospel through the work of the church to the whole world.  This happens after Jesus’ resurrection.  Thus, we are currently in the millennium.

A third interpretation goes by the name of “Premillennialism.”  “Pre” means before so  premillennialism says that we are currently before the millennium and that Christ will return and the saints will be resurrected and the millennium will then begin.

Then there is a fourth way of interpreting the millennium that is a variation of premillennialism called Darbyism because it was first proposed by John Nelson Darby  (1800-1882).  Darbyism says that:

  • God primarily works in the world through the nation of Israel.
  • The church is a kind of plan B since Israel didn’t accept Jesus.
  • The Rapture removes the church so that Israel can take its rightful place in God’s plan (1 Thess 4:15-18).
  • A seven-year great tribulation happens (some argue before, some argue after the rapture) (Rev 6-15).
  • The battle of Armageddon takes place and Jesus returns (Rev 16:12-16).
  • Jesus reigns for 1000 years (Rev 20:1-6).
  • God presides over the final judgment (Rev 20:7-15).

Darbyism is, as you can see, a rather complex perspective that puts together pieces of the Bible like a big puzzle.  This view of the end times, while it is relatively new, is the one that most often gets discussed in our current culture and context, but it is important to remember that it is one of several different interpretations that Christians have held over 2000 years.

So which one do I believe in?  I like to add a fifth interpretation to these other four.  Let’s call it “panmillennialism,” because I believe that in the end it will all pan out.

OK, if there are all these views on the “millennium,” what help is the book of Revelation for the future?  I think that while most images that Christians focus on from Revelation are based in fear, the primary image of Revelation and the future is one of hope and security: a marriage.

Bride and Groom Revelation

Let us be glad and rejoice and honor him. For the time has come for the wedding feast of the Lamb, and his bride has prepared herself (Revelation 19:7 NLT).

The groom here is the “lamb,” which is Jesus, and the bride is the church.  It is interesting to note that the image of the “bride” in the book of Revelation is never actually an individual but rather is always the church.  So the marriage is between a community, the bride, and the groom, Jesus, the Lamb.

The primary image of the future in the book of Revelation is a call to be prepared and secure in our marriage to the lamb.  In other words:

Get married.
Stay married.
Rest married.

Get married by connecting to God and joining the bride, the community of the church.  Stay married by patiently enduring even when you experience suffering.  Rest married by not worrying about when and what will happen in the future but “be glad and rejoice and honor him.”

(It should be noted that for many of us, marriage has not been a particularly secure thing.  Our marriages have not been very stable or full of hope. Some of our marriages are breaking down or have already broken down.  So let’s keep in mind that this image of marriage, the marriage between the bride and the groom, is one that is completely and totally secure.  It is the model for all our marriages, and if your marriage is not or has not lived up to this standard, then trust that this kind of marriage is the kind of marriage that God desires for you.  It is the standard and model for all marriages.)

If we truly trusted that the future was really about a wedding, I think it would change how we live today.  Have you ever had knowledge about the future that changed how you lived today?  When I was in High School I was given a huge assignment in my English class to read several books and write reports about them.  I knew when the due date was.  I had knowledge of the future, but I kept putting it off until the day before the assignment was due.  When I actually got to the day before and looked over the assignment, I realized that there was no way I could accomplish it.  So I cheated.  I bought Cliffs Notes to all the books, stayed home from school the next day, and wrote summaries of the Cliffs Notes.  Not exactly what my English teacher was looking for.  My knowledge of the future didn’t change my behavior in the present, and I suffered because of it.  The process was mixed with all kinds of fear and trembling.

Fast forward to about two years ago.  I found out that I had to write a 30+ page paper for my ordination process.  The due date was about two years out.  Lots of room for procrastination.  A lot of people wait until the last week to write this paper, but having learned from my previous mistakes, I decided to write this paper one small section at a time.  So over two years, I wrote a page here and a page there.  When it came due, I had the thing pretty much completely written.  All I had to do was polish it up a bit.  Knowledge of the future due date changed how I lived in the present.  When the due date came, I really enjoyed simply turning in the paper.  This process was full of hope and rejoicing.

St. Irenaeus says that the glory of God (our worship of God) is a human being fully alive.  I don’t think that a human being fully alive is a human being living scared and fearful about the future.  Rather, our worship of God right now has to do with trusting in the hope of the wedding that is coming and living fully into that hope.  We live fully into that hope by getting married to Christ, the bride (and inviting others to get married too), by staying married through growing in our faith (and helping others to stay married too), and resting peacefully in the security of that marriage (and helping others to rest in that marriage too).  So friends:

Let us be glad and rejoice and honor him. For the time has come for the wedding feast of the Lamb, and his bride has prepared herself (Revelation 19:7 NLT).

Greeting

Friends, we are gathered together in the sight of God to witness and bless the joining together of the church and Jesus Christ in Christian marriage.  Jesus in his sacrificial love gave us the example of the love of the groom for his bride.

Declaration of Intention

I ask you now, in the presence of God, to declare your intention to enter into union with Jesus Christ.

Church, will you have Jesus Christ to be your groom, to live together in holy marriage?

Will you love him, comfort him,
honor and keep him, in sickness and in health
and forsaking all others, be faithful to him
as long as you shall live?

(We will.)

In the name of God,

I, [say your name], take you, Jesus, to be my groom,
to have and to hold,
from this day forward,
for better, for worse
for richer,  for poorer,
in sickness and in health,
to love and to cherish,
until the end of time.
This is my solemn vow.

Blessing and Exchange of Rings

These rings are the outward and visible sign
of an inward and spiritual grace,
signifying to us the union between
Jesus Christ and his church.

Let us pray:

Bless, O Lord, the giving of these rings, that they who wear them may live in your peace and continue in your favor all the days of their life; through Jesus Christ our Lord.  Amen.

Christ, gives you this ring (and even more, himself, at this table),
as a sign of his vow
and with all that he is,
and all that he has,
he forgives you and dwells with you;
In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.

Friends and Jesus Christ, you have declared your consent and vows, before God.
May God confirm your covenant and fill you with grace.

Now that the bride and groom have given themselves to each other

by solemn vows
with the joining of hands,
and the receiving of rings,
I announce to you that they are husband and wife;
In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.

Those whom God has joined together, let no one put asunder.  Amen.

Communion

Blessing

God the Eternal keep you in love with each other,
so that the peace of Christ  may abide in your home.
Bear witness to the love of God in this world
so that those to whom love is a stranger
will find in you generous friends.
The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ,
and the love of God,
and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit
be with you all.  Amen.

Revelation – Worshiping Empire

Revelation

Revelation: An Invitation to God’s Imagination – Worshiping Empire
Sycamore
Creek Church
October 16, 2011
Tom Arthur
Revelation 11:15-19 & 18:1-3

Peace, Friends!

Today I want to begin with two readings from the book of Revelation.

Revelation 18:1-3 NLT

After all this I saw another angel come down from heaven with great authority, and the earth grew bright with his splendor.  He gave a mighty shout, “Babylon is fallen — that great city is fallen! She has become the hideout of demons and evil spirits, a nest for filthy buzzards, and a den for dreadful beasts.  For all the nations have drunk the wine of her passionate immorality. The rulers of the world have committed adultery with her, and merchants throughout the world have grown rich as a result of her luxurious living.”

Revelation 11:15-19 NLT

Then the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and there were loud voices shouting in heaven: “The whole world has now become the Kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he will reign forever and ever.”

And the twenty-four elders sitting on their thrones before God fell on their faces and worshiped him.  And they said,
“We give thanks to you, Lord God Almighty,
the one who is and who always was,
for now you have assumed your great power
and have begun to reign.
The nations were angry with you,
but now the time of your wrath has come.
It is time to judge the dead and reward your servants.
You will reward your prophets and your holy people,
all who fear your name, from the least to the greatest.
And you will destroy all who have caused destruction on the earth.”

Then, in heaven, the Temple of God was opened and the Ark of his covenant could be seen inside the Temple. Lightning flashed, thunder crashed and roared; there was a great hailstorm, and the world was shaken by a mighty earthquake.

Today we continue in our series on the book of Revelation.  It’s a crazy book with crazy images where crazy preachers preach crazy ideas.  But we’re trying to take a more imaginative look at the book.  In fact, I think the book is really all about an invitation to look at the world from the throne room of heaven, and see the world through God’s imagination, the way God sees it.  When you get that high up and look at the world from the perspective of God’s throne room, you see one big question: who or what do you worship?  The right answer to that question according to the book of Revelation is this: worship God and God alone and Jesus Christ because he’s God too.  That’s what we looked at last week.  This week we take a look at one of the biggest competitors for worship of God: Empire.

Revelation Darth Vadar

A Brief History of Kingdom and Empire

To get a real feel for the way that empire competes with worship of God, it will help us if we have a very brief history of empire in the Middle East leading up to the time that the book of Revelation was written.

First, God begins by building a kingdom, Israel.  The first three kings of this kingdom are Saul, David, and Solomon.  Things don’t go so well for the kingdom after Solomon.  When he dies there’s a civil war and the kingdom is split in two between the North and the South (sound familiar?).

Eventually a big empire called Assyria comes and sacks the Northern Kingdom and takes the leaders into exile.  Then another even bigger empire, Babylon, takes down Assyria and comes and sacks the Southern Kingdom and takes their leaders off into exile.  Then an even bigger empire, Persia, comes and wipes out Babylon and eventually allows the leaders of Israel to go back and rebuild.

A couple hundred more years and Alexander the Great shows up and conquers the entire Mediterranean world.  Alexander dies shortly thereafter and his empire is split into four empires.  Some time passes and the Jews rise up in the Maccabean revolt, but then Caesar Augustus and the Roman Empire show up on the scene, and Rome makes all these other empires look like pipsqueaks.

Then around the year 0, Jesus is born.  A new king born in a manger.  Shortly after his birth Israel is made a Roman province.  One of those Roman emperors, Nero, begins a horrible persecution of those who follow Jesus.  Then Rome does the unthinkable.  They destroy the temple in Jerusalem.  A couple of decades later, another Roman emperor, Domitian, institutes another persecution.  Emperors and their empire were persecuting Christians who worshiped the one true God rather than the emperor.

Worshiping Empire

The book of Revelation was written either during the Nero or Domitian persecution.  “Babylon” was code language for “Rome.”  You couldn’t write directly about Rome or soon you’d have the secret police showing up on your doorstep.  So if you wanted to speak against the Roman Empire, you had to do so in symbolic language.

The passage we read to begin this message shows that kind of symbolic language.  Let’s look back at one verse and see how Empire sucks us in so that we begin worshiping Empire rather than God.

For all the nations have drunk the wine of her passionate immorality. The rulers of the world have committed adultery with her, and merchants throughout the world have grown rich as a result of her luxurious living.”
Revelation 18:3 NLT

Empire brings a lot of benefits to certain people who play along with the game.  Luxury and riches are to be had when you worship empire.  Have you seen the great commercial for VW where the little boy is dressed up as Darth Vader?  What better image of empire than Darth Vader?  Watch for the luxuries that draw us in, in this commercial:

I love that commercial.  Very funny.  But think about what is being sold to us for a moment.  It’s a great little gadget: a remote starter to your car.  That’s sweet. In fact, I’d love to have a remote starter so that while I’m up here preaching, I can reach in my pocket and start my car and get it warm by the time I go out to the parking lot.

I don’t have a remote starter to my car, but Sarah and I did recently buy a new car.  It does have a remote key.  It came with two.  One day we realized that we’d misplaced one of them.  We looked around and couldn’t find it.  I figured, that a regular key costs about $2 to replace so this one probably would cost about $20.  So I went in to the dealer and asked about getting a replacement key.  How much do you think my remote key costs to replace?  $150!  I decided to go home and look harder for our lost key.  We found it.

OK, there’s a point to this.  But hang in there just a little longer, because a remote key isn’t the only luxury this car came with.  Now, the car we bought is a base model. That means it doesn’t have many bells and whistles, but it does come with the following:

  • Auto up and down driver’s side window
  • Cruise control
  • An MPG gas gauge
  • A tire pressure sensor to let me know when one of the tires is low
  • Power side mirrors
  • Antilock breaks
  • Front and side airbags
  • Child seat latches
  • Rear folding seats
  • Traction and stability control
  • And a USB port for the radio that controls my MP3 player while it’s stowed in the glove compartment!

Remember, that’s the base model without all the bells and whistles!  And there’s probably more that I’m forgetting.

Here’s how Empire sucks us in.  All these gadgets are cool, but pretty soon we begin to expect them.  I’ll be pretty disappointed if my next car doesn’t have at least as many cool gadgets as my current one.  So we begin to orient our entire life around making sure that we will always have these luxuries, these comforts, these “necessities.”  Once we’ve oriented our life around keeping these luxuries, Empire has sunk its hook in us and we’re caught.  We begin worshiping Empire rather than God.  We begin making sure that Empire always continues and that the status quo is always kept no mater what that Empire is having to do to keep things the way they are.  We just look the other way.

Empire vs. Kingdom

The book of Revelation contrasts Empire with the Kingdom of God and the true king, Jesus Christ.  Remember the second passage we began with?

“The whole world has now become the Kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he will reign forever and ever.”
Revelation 11:15  NLT

But isn’t this just substituting one empire for another?  In one sense, yes.  But the big question is what is the character of the king of this kingdom?  We find that the character of this king is very different than any emperor we know.  The key to understanding this is to note the difference between what we hear and what we see about this king.

Then one of the elders said to me, “Do not weep. See, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has conquered, so that he can open the scroll and its seven seals.”
Revelation 5:5 NRSV

What would you imagine seeing if you heard this declaration of the king?  I’d imagine seeing a big strong lion bounding onto the scene conquering all his enemies with a roar or swipe of his claws.  But that’s not what we actually see.  One verse later, here’s what we see:

Then I saw between the throne and the four living creatures and among the elders a Lamb standing as if it had been slaughtered, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven spirits of God sent out into all the earth.
Revelation 5:6 NRSV

It turns out that the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the true king who conquered looks like a slaughtered lamb!  This king conquers not by building up an empire to sack another empire, but by dying on a cross as a sacrifice for all the brokenness in our lives and our world.  That’s a strange kind of king, but that’s the kind of king that Jesus is.  It’s not empire, but God’s kingdom.

Kingdom

If you are a citizen of Empire, then you seek to keep Empire conquering so that you can continue to enjoy the benefits of Empire.  But if you are a citizen of the Kingdom of God, then you seek a different kind of conquering:

But they have conquered him by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimony, for they did not cling to life even in the face of death.
Revelation 12:11 NRSV

If you are a citizen of the Kingdom of God, then you conquer by staying faithful to the way of Jesus, even if that causes you to lose the benefits of Empire and even your life!  I’d like to explore three different ways this plays out in our lives.

First, America is a kind of empire that brings with it all kinds of benefits, comforts and luxuries.  It is perhaps the most powerful and prosperous empire that the world has ever seen.  (I am speaking to the context of America because that is where I live.  If I was a citizen of another nation, I think the book of Revelation would be speaking to that nation as well especially if it is a powerful and prosperous nation.)  And yet some have had those benefits, comforts, and luxuries pass them by.  For what ever reason, they suffer without having access to these things.  They are the homeless, the laid off, the mental or physically ill, and more.  The American dream has proven to be out of their grasp.  I believe that if you are living into the Kingdom of God rather than worshiping empire, then the book of Revelation encourages you to patiently endure.  Empires come and go, but the kingdom of God never ends.  Wait patiently.  The true king will be revealed.

Second, there are those of us who mostly benefit from the great prosperity of America.  We do not experience a lot of suffering.  The book of Revelation compels us to make sure that we are not slowly but surely being lured into worshiping Empire.  I believe that the best way to make sure that we are not slowly creeping toward worshiping Empire is to conquer Empire through the voluntary suffering of self-denial.  Do without some, much, or even all of the “luxurious living” of America.  Live in a smaller house.  Drive a cheaper car.  Wear your clothes out before you buy new ones.  East more simply and lower on the food chain.  Use less water.  Buy local even when it costs more.

Lastly, if you are worshiping God and living into the Kingdom rather than Empire, then you will be open about your faith, your testimony, even if it causes you persecution and suffering.  We can see one example of this in the early church in the life of Perpetua who lived in the late second early third century.  Perpetua was a well educated new mother and honorable Roman citizen who became a Christian.  She was probably from a wealthy family because she was educated to write very well.  When she was presented with the choice to worship the emperor or be imprisoned and executed, she chose execution rather than the idolatry of worshiping Empire.  While she was in prison, she kept a journal and some of her fellow Christians added a beginning and end to it so that we know what happened.  I’d like to share with you some excerpts from that journal.

The young catechumens [students preparing to be baptized], Revocatus and his fellow-servant Felicitas, Saturninus and Secundulus, were apprehended. And among them also was Vivia Perpetua, respectably born, liberally educated, a married matron, having a father and mother and two brothers, one of whom, like herself, was a catechumen, and a son an infant at the breast. She herself was about twenty-two years of age. From this point onward she shall herself narrate the whole course of her martyrdom, as she left it described by her own hand and with her own mind.

“While” says she, “we were still with the persecutors, and my father, for the sake of his affection for me, was persisting in seeking to turn me away, and to cast me down from the faith,—‘Father,’ said I, ‘do you see, let us say, this vessel lying here to be a little pitcher, or something else?’ And he said, ‘I see it to be so.’ And I replied to him, ‘Can it be called by any other name than what it is?’ And he said, ‘No.’ ‘Neither can I call myself anything else than what I am, a Christian.’ Then my father, provoked at this saying, threw himself upon me, as if he would tear my eyes out…

In that same interval of a few days we were baptized, and to me the Spirit prescribed that in the water of baptism nothing else was to be sought for bodily endurance. After a few days we are taken into the dungeon, and I was very much afraid, because I had never felt such darkness….I was very unusually distressed by my anxiety for my infant…I suckled my child, which was now enfeebled with hunger. In my anxiety for it, I addressed my mother and comforted my brother, and commended to their care my son….I obtained for my infant to remain in the dungeon with me; and forthwith I grew strong and was relieved from distress and anxiety about my infant; and the dungeon became to me as it were a palace, so that I preferred being there to being elsewhere…

“Another day, while we were at dinner, we were suddenly taken away to be heard, and we arrived at the town-hall. At once the rumor spread through the neighborhood of the public place, and an immense number of people were gathered together. We mount the platform. The rest were interrogated, and confessed. Then they came to me, and my father immediately appeared with my boy, and withdrew me from the step, and said in a

supplicating tone, ‘Have pity on your babe.’ And Hilarianus the procurator, who had just received the power of life and death in the place of the proconsul Minucius Timinianus, who was deceased, said, ‘Spare the grey hairs of your father, spare the infancy of your boy, offer sacrifice for the well-being of the emperors.’ And I replied, ‘I will not do so.’ Hilarianus said, ‘Are you a Christian?’ And I replied, ‘I am a Christian.’…

They are then taken to the theater to be killed by wild beasts.

Moreover, for the young women the devil prepared a very fierce cow, provided especially for that purpose contrary to custom, rivaling their sex also in that of the beasts. And so, stripped and clothed with nets, they were led forth. The populace shuddered as they saw one young woman of delicate frame, and another with breasts still dropping from her recent childbirth. So, being recalled, they are unbound. Perpetua is first led in. She was tossed, and fell on her loins; and when she saw her tunic torn from her side, she drew it over her as a veil for her middle, rather mindful of her modesty than her suffering. Then she was called for again, and bound up her disheveled hair; for it was not becoming for a martyr to suffer with disheveled hair, lest she should appear to be mourning in her glory…

The beasts did not kill them so gladiators were brought in to finish the job.

But Perpetua, that she might taste some pain, being pierced between the ribs, cried out loudly, and she herself placed the wavering right hand of the youthful gladiator to her throat.  Possibly such a woman could not have been slain unless she herself had willed it, because she was feared by the impure spirit.

Thankfully we do not suffer for our faith in that way in our current nation, but there are people around the world who do still suffer persecution in a similar manner for being a Christian.  But while we do not generally suffer in this extreme way, there is a kind of persecution we suffer when we fear looking silly for inviting someone to church or bringing up our faith in a conversation.  The testimony of Christians like Perpetua shows  us how silly our fear is of looking silly.  If we live into the kingdom rather than give in to Empire, we will share our faith even if it causes us persecution or suffering.

What would happen if we all conquered in this kind of a way?  I think we’d be a truly radical and counter cultural community.  We wouldn’t be buying into the whole American Dream, the lure of Empire.  Sycamore Creek Church would be different than the world we find ourselves in.  People would come and join our community and say things like, “You’re different than the people at my job.  You’re different than my neighbors.  You’re different than the people I go to school with.”  We’d respond by saying, “That’s because we worship the King of kings and the Lord of lords who lived, died, and raised so that we might have life and share that life with others.”  That’s our story.  That’s our testimony.  That’s our worship.

God, help us not to give in to worshiping empire and all its benefits.  Help us to worship you and you alone.  Give us strength to be open about our faith even if it causes us persecution.  Give us patient endurance if we are currently suffering.  Give us courage to give up some of those benefits of empire so that they don’t lure us away from worshiping you.  In Jesus’ name, Amen.

Revelation: A View from the Throne Room

Revelation

Revelation: A View from the Throne Room
Sycamore
Creek Church
October 9, 2011
Tom Arthur
Revelation 4:1-8

Peace, Friends!

I want to begin today with a reading from Revelation.

Revelation 4:1-8 NLT

Then as I looked, I saw a door standing open in heaven, and the same voice I had heard before spoke to me with the sound of a mighty trumpet blast. The voice said, “Come up here, and I will show you what must happen after these things.”  And instantly I was in the Spirit, and I saw a throne in heaven and someone sitting on it!  The one sitting on the throne was as brilliant as gemstones — jasper and carnelian. And the glow of an emerald circled his throne like a rainbow. Twenty-four thrones surrounded him, and twenty-four elders sat on them. They were all clothed in white and had gold crowns on their heads. And from the throne came flashes of lightning and the rumble of thunder. And in front of the throne were seven lampstands with burning flames. They are the seven spirits of God. In front of the throne was a shiny sea of glass, sparkling like crystal.

In the center and around the throne were four living beings, each covered with eyes, front and back. The first of these living beings had the form of a lion; the second looked like an ox; the third had a human face; and the fourth had the form of an eagle with wings spread out as though in flight. Each of these living beings had six wings, and their wings were covered with eyes, inside and out. Day after day and night after night they keep on saying,

“Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty —
the one who always was, who is, and who is still to come.”

Revelation is an invitation to see the world the way God sees it, from the perspective of the throne room of heaven.  We see that invitation in verse one.

Then as I looked, I saw a door standing open in heaven, and the same voice I had heard before spoke to me with the sound of a mighty trumpet blast. The voice said, “Come up here, and I will show you what must happen after these things.”

Have you ever seen things from up above?  Way up above?  When you’re way up high, the pattern of things looks different.  Sarah and I were celebrating our anniversary one year and staying at the Grand Traverse Resort in Traverse City.  Our room was on the 16th floor.  When we got back to our room that night after dinner, a lightening storm was brewing over the Grand Traverse Bay.  Wow!  Have you ever seen a lightening storm over a huge body of water from sixteen stories up?  It is an amazing sight.  Very different than being on the ground.

The book of Revelation is like that.  It’s a view from the perspective of the throne room of heaven.  When you’re that high up you see things in a very different light.  You see them the way God sees them.  You see them through God’s imagination.  And the big question that arises from that high up is this: who or what do you worship?

The question of worship is really a very simple question, but the book of Revelation usually seems pretty hard to wrap our own imaginations around.  It is a crazy book full of crazy stuff preached by crazy people.  It can be a very polarizing book.  We either hate the book of Revelation and stay as far away from it as we possibly can or we are obsessed with it trying to turn it into some kind of treasure map for seeing into the future.

Of course, the series of Left Behind novels have popularized a certain way of thinking about Revelation including a lot of discussion on things like the rapture, the moment when God instantly takes away all the Christians from the world.  I grew up in this kind of a setting where the rapture was discussed regularly.  As teenagers we turned this discussion into something of a joke.  We tried to imagine the worst possible situations to be left behind:

On an airplane when the pilot is raptured…
On the back of a tandem bike when your partner is raptured…
Getting a root canal when your dentist is raptured…
Preaching at church when your congregation is raptured!

Funny thing about Revelation is that the rapture is never mentioned!  The idea of the rapture comes from other books of the Bible, so in this series on Revelation, we really won’t spend much time talking about the rapture.  But the book of Revelation does talk about the end of God’s story so we will discuss that in the last sermon in this series.

And now we’ve hit on a very touchy subject.  The end times.  I get asked questions fairly regularly about the end times.  Are we in the end times?  We’ve got earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, wars, droughts, and chaos after chaos.  Recently Harold Camping, a very right-wing Christian, has become somewhat infamous for his end times prophecies.  May 21st came and went.  Yikes!  Well, he said he had made some mistakes.  The new date is October 21st.  Right in the middle of this series!  Don’t worry.  He was wrong the first time.  He will be wrong again.

But are we in the end times?  I’ll give you the answer to that question right now.   Yes.  We are each in the end times.  Ask Steve Jobs whether he is in the end times.  No matter how awesome he was and how much money he made, Steve Jobs was still mortal.  Any of us could die on the ride home today.  So yes, we are each living in the end times.  Guaranteed!

OK.  Enough of that.  Let’s look more closely at the book of Revelation.  I’d like to introduce you to a book that you may not be very familiar with, and if you are familiar with it, then I’d like to introduce you to it in a new way.

It’s important to understand the genre or style of a book that you’re reading.  While you may not know what I mean when I say “genre” you know what a genre is.  When you go to a movie you have certain expectations you bring with you based on what genre it fits into.  I watched Thor last night.  Expectations?  Fantasy.  Supernatural.  Super Hero. Suspend my sense of disbelief.  But I could have watched, say, The King’s Speech.  Expectations?  Realistic.  Historical in nature.  Natural.  Retain my sense of disbelief.  If I watched Thor with the same expectations that I watched The King’s Speech then I’d be seriously confused.  That’s why most of us get really confused in the book of Revelation.  We bring the wrong set of expectations to reading it.  It’s like we’re watching Thor but expecting The King’s Speech.

The book of Revelation is technically an “apocalypse.”  That word doesn’t mean a big huge destructive battle like it means today.  It literally means “revelation.”  Thus the title of the book.  Revelation is one long revelation or image that God gives to John.  It is not a series of “revelations” as we sometimes make the mistake of calling the book.  There are other similar types of literature in the Bible.  Ezekiel and Daniel are two from the Old Testament, and Revelation alludes to them heavily.

John is a literary artist and the revelation he receives creates a symbolic universe that you can get lost in, in a very similar way to that of a modern day fantasy movie.  Take Harry Potter for example.  The books and movies create a universe that you can live into.  There is even a theme park now that helps your imagination get into the symbolic universe of Harry Potter.  If you live in the world of Harry Potter long enough, pretty soon you’re seeing magical things happening all around you in the real world.  Revelation is the Harry Potter of 2000 years ago.

So why is Revelation so hard to understand?  Because it is a symbolic universe made of symbols that meant something to everyone 2000 years ago, but mean very little to us today.  It is kind of like a political cartoon (in fact, Revelation has many political overtones woven throughout it).  When you and I look at a political cartoon today we immediately understand the symbols.  A donkey = the democratic party and an elephant = the republican party.
Republican Democrat Moral Standards Cartoon

If you see a light in the sky in the shape of a bat, you know exactly what that symbol is referencing: batman.

Batman Cartoon

But take a look at political cartoons from even just a hundred or two-hundred years ago, and you’re lost.

1807 Embargo Act

Embargo Act of 1807

So let’s look at some of the symbols of Revelation and give you a cheat sheet for making sense of this symbolic universe.  There are all kinds of beasts in Revelation.  Beasts = empires.  These beasts often have multiple horns.  Horns = leaders.  So if you read about a beast with two horns, then you know that you’re talking about an empire that has or had two key leaders.

Then there are numbers.  Numbers were much more important to ancient people than they tend to be today.  Numbers were full of all kinds of meaning.  Here’s a brief list of what numbers in Revelation mean:

3 = realm of the spirit
4 = created order
7 = completeness (maturity)
10 = completeness and inclusiveness
12 = God’s people
3.5 = Evil’s time to run its course.

Lastly there are colors.

White = victory
Red = war/conflict
Black = lack of something
Greenish-Gray/Pale = death.

Understanding these symbols will help you have a basic idea of what’s going on as you read the book of Revelation.  Don’t forget as you’re reading, that some things are just window dressing and don’t intend to carry deep significance.

As I said before, the big question of Revelation is who or what do you worship? The right answer to this question according to John, the author of Revelation, is that we are to worship God alone and Jesus Christ who too is God, the King of kings, and Lord of lords!  Worship is at the heart of Revelation.  There are seven (Remember what seven stands for?  Perfection!) scenes of worship in Revelation.  We are actually very familiar with these scenes of worship thanks to Handle’s Messiah.  The words in Handle’s Messiah are taken directly from the book of Revelation.

Worshiping God alone is usually pretty hard.  Even John has a hard time doing it.  At the end of Revelation we read:

I, John, am the one who saw and heard all these things. And when I saw and heard these things, I fell down to worship the angel who showed them to me. But again he said, “No, don’t worship me. I am a servant of God, just like you and your brothers the prophets, as well as all who obey what is written in this scroll. Worship God!”
Revelation 22:8-9 NLT

Oops.  John was ready to worship the angel, but the angel would have none of it.  Worship God and God alone!  Throughout this series we’re going to explore this question of who or what do you worship.  Today is basically an introduction to Revelation.  Notice the image of the king for today.  That king is Austin Blackmer.  Austin, the King, reminds us to worship God and God alone.

Next week we’ll look at one of the primary competitors for our worship: empire.  What better image of empire is there than Darth Vader?  Darth Vader is being played by Ethan Bird.

Revelation Darth Vadar

The third week we’ll look at the worship of the church according to Revelation.  It turns out that our worship is sometimes a mixed date, beautiful on the outside but deadly on the inside, like a princess with fangs.  That fanged princess is played by Samantha Bird.

Revelation Princess

Then on the last week we’ll take a look at worship and the future.  The primary image of the future for the book of Revelation is a wedding.  The bride and groom are played by Maggie Hoerner and Conner Blackmer.

Bride and Groom Revelation

So here’s what I want you to do throughout this series.  I want you to be open to asking the question, who or what do I worship, and are there things that I worship besides God?  I’d like you to explore that question by reading the book of Revelation over the next four weeks.  I’d suggest reading it at least once in one sitting.  What fun would it be to watch Harry Potter one scene each day?  No!  Sit down and watch the whole movie to get the full effect.  Same thing with Revelation. Read it in one sitting.  And then join a small group to read it with other people.  Our small groups are going to be reading through the book of Revelation together over the next month or two.  Contact Mark Aupperlee  (m_aupperlee@hotmail.com) to find a small group.

When we accept the invitation to view the world from the throne room of heaven, through the eyes of God’s imagination, we will begin to see the world very differently.  It will pop out in our imagination.  We’ll start to notice all the things around us that pull us away from worshiping God: our busyness, our kids, our kids’ sports, our spouse/lover/boy/girlfriend, the need to be liked, the car you drive, the money you try to make, the success you strive for, comfort, security, and even happiness.  All of these things and more can compete with our worship of God.

But when we see the world the way God sees the world in the book of Revelation, busyness will look like a blazing red dragon full of fire and fury.  Our kids will appear as blue and pink fairies darting this way and that.  Our kids’ sports will be brown and yellow four legged creatures with rounded horns.  Our spouse, lover, girl/boyfriend will seem like a siren mermaid scaled but smooth and fleshy.   The need to be liked will be an ever color-shifting gecko.  The car you drive will appear as a silver and gray Decepticon.  Money will look like a long-haired dreadlocked pirate with razor sharp teeth of gold.  Success takes on the image of a blazing yellow and orange eye scanning forever this way and that.  Comfort, security, and happiness will look like a tall man dressed in black with a cape, helmet and raspy voice.  But wait, that’s next week.